reorganize module
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Timur Gordon
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_archive/rhai_engine/rhaibook/language/num-fn.md
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Numeric Functions
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=================
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{{#include ../links.md}}
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Integer Functions
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-----------------
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The following standard functions are defined.
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| Function | Not available under | Package | Description |
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| ----------------------------- | :-----------------: | :--------------------------------------: | ---------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `is_odd` method and property | | [`ArithmeticPackage`][built-in packages] | returns `true` if the value is an odd number, otherwise `false` |
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| `is_even` method and property | | [`ArithmeticPackage`][built-in packages] | returns `true` if the value is an even number, otherwise `false` |
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| `min` | | [`LogicPackage`][built-in packages] | returns the smaller of two numbers |
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| `max` | | [`LogicPackage`][built-in packages] | returns the larger of two numbers |
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| `to_float` | [`no_float`] | [`BasicMathPackage`][built-in packages] | convert the value into `f64` (`f32` under [`f32_float`]) |
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| `to_decimal` | non-[`decimal`] | [`BasicMathPackage`][built-in packages] | convert the value into [`Decimal`][rust_decimal] |
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Signed Numeric Functions
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------------------------
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The following standard functions are defined in the [`ArithmeticPackage`][built-in packages]
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(excluded when using a [raw `Engine`]) and operate on `i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `f32`, `f64` and
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[`Decimal`][rust_decimal] (requires [`decimal`]) only.
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| Function | Description |
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| ----------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `abs` | absolute value |
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| `sign` | returns (`INT`) −1 if negative, +1 if positive, 0 if zero |
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| `is_zero` method and property | returns `true` if the value is zero, otherwise `false` |
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Floating-Point Functions
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------------------------
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The following standard functions are defined in the [`BasicMathPackage`][built-in packages]
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(excluded when using a [raw `Engine`]) and operate on `f64` (`f32` under [`f32_float`]) and
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[`Decimal`][rust_decimal] (requires [`decimal`]) only.
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| Category | Supports `Decimal` | Functions |
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| ---------------- | :----------------: | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| Trigonometry | yes | `sin`, `cos`, `tan` |
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| Trigonometry | **no** | `sinh`, `cosh`, `tanh` in radians, `hypot(`_x_`,`_y_`)` |
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| Arc-trigonometry | **no** | `asin`, `acos`, `atan(`_v_`)`, `atan(`_x_`,`_y_`)`, `asinh`, `acosh`, `atanh` in radians |
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| Square root | yes | `sqrt` |
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| Exponential | yes | `exp` (base _e_) |
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| Logarithmic | yes | `ln` (base _e_) |
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| Logarithmic | yes | `log` (base 10) |
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| Logarithmic | **no** | `log(`_x_`,`_base_`)` |
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| Rounding | yes | `floor`, `ceiling`, `round`, `int`, `fraction` methods and properties |
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| Conversion | yes | [`to_int`], [`to_decimal`] (requires [`decimal`]), [`to_float`] (not under [`no_float`]) |
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| Conversion | **no** | `to_degrees`, `to_radians` |
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| Comparison | yes | `min`, `max` (also inter-operates with integers) |
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| Testing | **no** | `is_nan`, `is_finite`, `is_infinite` methods and properties |
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Decimal Rounding Functions
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--------------------------
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The following rounding methods are defined in the [`BasicMathPackage`][built-in packages]
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(excluded when using a [raw `Engine`]) and operate on [`Decimal`][rust_decimal] only,
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which requires the [`decimal`] feature.
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| Rounding type | Behavior | Methods |
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| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| None | | `floor`, `ceiling`, `int`, `fraction` methods and properties |
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| Banker's rounding | round to integer | `round` method and property |
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| Banker's rounding | round to specified number of decimal points | `round(`_decimal points_`)` |
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| Round up | away from zero | `round_up(`_decimal points_`)` |
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| Round down | towards zero | `round_down(`_decimal points_`)` |
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| Round half-up | mid-point away from zero | `round_half_up(`_decimal points_`)` |
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| Round half-down | mid-point towards zero | `round_half_down(`_decimal points_`)` |
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Parsing Functions
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-----------------
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The following standard functions are defined in the [`BasicMathPackage`][built-in packages]
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(excluded when using a [raw `Engine`]) to parse numbers.
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| Function | No available under | Description |
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| ----------------- | :------------------------------: | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| [`parse_int`] | | converts a [string] to `INT` with an optional radix |
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| [`parse_float`] | [`no_float`] and non-[`decimal`] | converts a [string] to `FLOAT` ([`Decimal`][rust_decimal] under [`no_float`] and [`decimal`]) |
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| [`parse_decimal`] | non-[`decimal`] | converts a [string] to [`Decimal`][rust_decimal] |
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Formatting Functions
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--------------------
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The following standard functions are defined in the [`BasicStringPackage`][built-in packages]
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(excluded when using a [raw `Engine`]) to convert integer numbers into a [string] of hex, octal
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or binary representations.
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| Function | Description |
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| ------------- | ------------------------------------ |
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| [`to_binary`] | converts an integer number to binary |
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| [`to_octal`] | converts an integer number to octal |
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| [`to_hex`] | converts an integer number to hex |
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These formatting functions are defined for all available integer numbers – i.e. `INT`, `u8`,
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`i8`, `u16`, `i16`, `u32`, `i32`, `u64`, `i64`, `u128` and `i128` unless disabled by feature flags.
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Floating-point Constants
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------------------------
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The following functions return standard mathematical constants.
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| Function | Description |
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| -------- | ------------------------- |
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| `PI` | returns the value of π |
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| `E` | returns the value of _e_ |
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Numerical Functions for Scientific Computing
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--------------------------------------------
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Check out the [`rhai-sci`] crate for more numerical functions.
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