Operators and Symbols
=====================

{{#include ../links.md}}


Operators
---------

|                                           Operator                                           | Description                            |  Binary?   | Binding direction |
| :------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------: | -------------------------------------- | :--------: | :---------------: |
|                                             `+`                                              | add                                    |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `-`                                              | 1) subtract<br/>2) negative (prefix)   | yes<br/>no |  left<br/>right   |
|                                             `*`                                              | multiply                               |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `/`                                              | divide                                 |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `%`                                              | modulo                                 |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `**`                                             | power/exponentiation                   |    yes     |       right       |
|                                             `>>`                                             | right bit-shift                        |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `<<`                                             | left bit-shift                         |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `&`                                              | 1) bit-wise _AND_<br/>2) boolean _AND_ |    yes     |       left        |
|                                       <code>\|</code>                                        | 1) bit-wise _OR_<br/>2) boolean _OR_   |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `^`                                              | 1) bit-wise _XOR_<br/>2) boolean _XOR_ |    yes     |       left        |
| `=`, `+=`, `-=`, `*=`, `/=`,<br/>`**=`, `%=`, `<<=`, `>>=`, `&=`,<br/><code>\|=</code>, `^=` | assignments                            |    yes     |        n/a        |
|                                             `==`                                             | equals to                              |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `!=`                                             | not equals to                          |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `>`                                              | greater than                           |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `>=`                                             | greater than or equals to              |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `<`                                              | less than                              |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `<=`                                             | less than or equals to                 |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `&&`                                             | boolean _AND_ (short-circuits)         |    yes     |       left        |
|                                      <code>\|\|</code>                                       | boolean _OR_ (short-circuits)          |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `??`                                             | null-coalesce (short-circuits)         |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `!`                                              | boolean _NOT_                          |   **no**   |       right       |
|                                  `[` ... `]`, `?[` ... `]`                                   | indexing                               |    yes     |       left        |
|                                          `.`, `?.`                                           | 1) property access<br/>2) method call  |    yes     |       left        |
|                                             `..`                                             | exclusive range                        |    yes     |       left        |
|                                            `..=`                                             | inclusive range                        |    yes     |       left        |


Symbols and Patterns
--------------------

|               Symbol                | Name                               | Description                           |
| :---------------------------------: | ---------------------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
|                 `_`                 | underscore                         | default `switch` case                 |
|                 `;`                 | semicolon                          | statement separator                   |
|                 `,`                 | comma                              | list separator                        |
|                 `:`                 | colon                              | [object map] property value separator |
|                `::`                 | path                               | module path separator                 |
|            `#{` ... `}`             | hash map                           | [object map] literal                  |
|             `"` ... `"`             | double quote                       | [string]                              |
|         `` ` `` ... `` ` ``         | back-tick                          | multi-line literal [string]           |
|             `'` ... `'`             | single quote                       | [character]                           |
|                 `\`                 | 1) escape<br/>2) line continuation | escape character literal              |
|                `()`                 | unit                               | null value                            |
|             `(` ... `)`             | parentheses                        | expression grouping                   |
|             `{` ... `}`             | braces                             | block statement                       |
| <code>\|</code> ... <code>\|</code> | pipes                              | closure                               |
|             `[` ... `]`             | brackets                           | [array] literal                       |
|                 `!`                 | bang                               | function call in calling scope        |
|                `=>`                 | double arrow                       | `switch` expression case separator    |
|                `//`                 | comment                            | line comment                          |
|                `///`                | doc-comment                        | line [doc-comment]                    |
|                `//!`                | module doc                         | [module documentation][comments]      |
|            `/*` ... `*/`            | comment                            | block comment                         |
|           `/**` ... `*/`            | doc-comment                        | block [doc-comment]                   |
|            `(*` ... `*)`            | comment                            | _reserved_                            |
|                `#!`                 | shebang                            | _reserved_                            |
|                `++`                 | increment                          | _reserved_                            |
|                `--`                 | decrement                          | _reserved_                            |
|                `...`                | rest                               | _reserved_                            |
|                 `~`                 | tilde                              | _reserved_                            |
|                `!.`                 |                                    | _reserved_                            |
|                 `?`                 | question                           | _reserved_                            |
|                 `#`                 | hash                               | _reserved_                            |
|                 `@`                 | at                                 | _reserved_                            |
|                 `$`                 | dollar                             | _reserved_                            |
|                `->`                 | arrow                              | _reserved_                            |
|                `<-`                 | left arrow                         | _reserved_                            |
|          <code><\|</code>           | left triangle                      | _reserved_                            |
|          <code>\|></code>           | right triangle                     | _reserved_                            |
|                `===`                | strict equals to                   | _reserved_                            |
|                `!==`                | strict not equals to               | _reserved_                            |
|                `:=`                 | assignment                         | _reserved_                            |
|                `:;`                 | typo to `::`                       | _reserved_                            |
|            `::<` ... `>`            | turbofish                          | _reserved_                            |