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# Introduction
ThreeFold is a decentralized platform for unbreakable data, peer-to-peer network, and autonomous cloud. Founded by a core team with deep roots in the early Internet, they bring first-hand experience from its origins as a decentralized network to its evolution into todays centralized systems.
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## Proven Track Record
***ThreeFold is the only system in the world capable to deliver self-healing data, network and cloud at a planetary scale***
Over the years, the team developed core technological components for a decentralized cloud, a data storage system which cannot fail and an end-to-end encrypted network system all from the ground up. Subsequently, a global community of independent individuals and organizations expanded the grid as proof that a decentralized open-source Internet can be revived.
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## Next Phase
## A Dream Comes True
Now, the project is entering its next phase, ThreeFold V4. This phase is focused on commercial expansion, broader adoption, and completing the remaining components needed to form a cohesive and complete alternative to todays centralized systems.
Imagine a system which can...
- [x] Scale to a planetary level
- [x] Is compatible with AI, Cloud, Web2, Web3 and Edge IT workloads
- [x] Has the potential to recover from unforeseen events
- [x] Provides 100% uptime
- [x] Allows any machine and human to communicate over the shortest path
This dream has come true: ThreeFold is a decentralized platform for unbreakable data, peer-to-peer network, and autonomous cloud. Read forward to learn more about this innovative system.

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# Litepaper
> *The following document presents the version 4 of ThreeFold, a complete and resilient autonomous cloud engine enabling Augmented Collective Intelligence for everyone, everywhere.*
> *The following document presents the version 4 of ThreeFold, a self-healing data, network and cloud platform.*
## Evolution of the Internet
@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ Web 4.0 & Internet 2.0 lead to an ecosystem that is driven by human and also AI.
## Internet for All?
Internet is currently not accessible to all. Indeed, the Internet is only available to 50% of the world. As per Fortune, as of 2023, "Only 1 in 3 African women have access to the internet-compared with half of man."
Internet is currently not accessible to all. Indeed, the Internet is only available to 50% of the world. As per Fortune, as of 2023, "Only 1 in 3 African women have access to the internet-compared with half of man." One of the main goals of ThreeFold is to enable Internet access to people worldwide.
## GDP Negative Internet
@ -70,6 +70,108 @@ At ThreeFold, we believe that being planet and people first, i.e. never do anyth
We believe in authenticity, to restore authenticity of people and information, in open-source, for healthcare, legal, software, education, in simplicity, as we believe that complexity is killing progress.
## The Problem
The current model has clear limitations. Too many many abstraction layers results in bad efficiency, performance loss, increased management costs, and scalability challenges.
### Limitations
There are actually many limitations to the current model. Those limitations are rooted in centralization and complexity.
- **Easily Hacked**
- Centralized data centers allow hackers to easily jeopardize data due to a single point of attack. Global cybersecurity damage crossed USD 6 trillion in 2022.
- **Not Scalable Enough**
- The current infrastructure has limits to how fast and how far it can expand, is not self-managing requires human oversight, Leaving +3 billion people unconnected.
- **Burden to the Planet**
- Current storage and compute systems are too power hungry. They now consume a large part of the worlds energy. They are a huge burden on the planet.
- **Susceptible in Conflicts**
- Centralized data centers are susceptible to attacks during conflict. An entire country's ICT systems can be jeopardized if their data centers are damaged or compromised.
- **Reliable Enough**
- Current systems are too complex and centrally managed (by people) which leads to unsafe and suboptimal security and reliability. Networks are unreliable and not efficient.
- **Lack of Data Sovereignty**
- Where a countrys data is stored is now critical to its sovereignty. Many nations are now looking for local storage to minimize manipulation by data-hosting countries.
- **Poor Use of Computer Hardware**
- The cloud world does not utilize computer hardware well. Hardware advancements surged, while experiences and features stagnated, unable to match the pace.
### Superficial Fixes
While there are some partial solutions out there, most of the times, they never solve issues at the root. When this happens, abstract layers compound complexity.
- **Abstraction**
- IT companies prefer to integrate rather then to create novel solutions. Abstractions are needed to keep it all functioning but leads to complexity and inefficiency.
- **Mismatched Education**
- There is a focus on commercial technologies rather than groundbreaking innovations often driven by vendors.
- **Pain Killer Approach**
- Starts often prioritize quick solutions for immediate pain points instead of long-term innovation.
- **Keep On Creating Layers**
- Layering allows incremental development, compatibility, and minimizes disruptions, all the while making true change impossible.
## The Solution
ThreeFold literally offers an all-one solution to the current problems the world is facing in the IT and cloud world.
We are not dreaming of a better Internet, we are building it. To fix at the root all thoses issues, Threefold built a self-healing cloud, network and data platform.
### The Layers of the Internet
The Internet can be seen as three main layers:
- Cloud & Data
- Network
- Applications
The ThreeFold platform ensures that those 3 layers are properly taken care of. The ThreeFold self-healing system has the capability to restore the Internet to its original purpose: unlimited collaboration and creativity, authentic information sharing without publicity, addition-free social networks, and more.
### The ThreeFold Engine
As far as we know, we have created the only system in the world capable to deliver self-healing data, network and cloud at a planetary scale. We are not a protocol.
- **Fungistor**
- An indestructible, infinitely scalable, efficient data storage and distribution system that needs 3x less energy and disks.
- **Mycelium Network**
- An indestructible network that connact any machine or human over the shortest path possible over any medium and for any use case allowing for integrated network services such as video conferencing, content delivery, VPN, web 2 and 3 gateways, DNS, S3, IPFS, and more.
- **Magic Cloud**
- A self-healing multi-node cluster for any AI, Web 2 and 3 workloads. Magic Cloud is easy to use and manage, scales globally, ultra-redundant, provides high performances and is super secure.
The ThreeFold Engine is the base layer for any cloud, edge and AI workloads.
![Alt text](./img/base_layer.png)
### 3 Core Inventions
ThreeFold has built many tecnology over the years. Among the stack of technology created, three main inventions constitute the core of the ThreeFold Platform:
- **A new bare metal operating system**
- Zero-OS supports all required Web2 and Web3 workloads and allows millions of nodes to operate in full autonomous mode providing lower cost, better energy efficiency, more reliability and security
- **A Quantum Safe Storage System**
- The Quantum Safe Storage System is capable of storing data indestructible, efficient, and ultra-scalable. Previous versions of this system are widely used to store Zetabytes of information by large organizations.
- **A Quantum Safe Network System**
- Mycelium can look for the shortest path, has a built-in naming & CDN (Content Delivery) system, can survive disaster and network cuts much more efficiently as is possible today.
## Trillion-Dollar Market
There is currently an untapped trillion-dollar cloud and cyber security market. ThreeFold has an antidote for the cyperpandemic. Indeed, trillions worth of USD are lost each year because of the ongoing cyberpandemic. Our solution offers a pro-active different approach to this problem.
The trillion USD AI and Edge workloads market needs a different engine which is more scalable, secure and reliable.
Countries are looking for solutions which are sovereign and allow them to restore the huge imbalance created over the years.
The ThreeFold Platform can provide products and services for this trillion dollar market.
## Best of Both Worlds
The ThreeFold technology is the best of both worlds. You can get the benefits of both the protocols and the centralized data centers without any of the downsides.
The figure below compares the ThreeFold platform with the protocols and centralized data centers.
![](./img/platform_comparison.png)
## Augmented Collective Intelligence
At ThreeFold, we are building an augmented collective intelligence to solve tomorrow's problems with tomorrow's intelligence.